# Calcul.io

> Calcul.io is a free online calculator for arithmetic, percentages, formulas, unit conversions, dates, currencies, and advanced math. It runs in the browser, needs no account, and keeps every calculation editable and shareable by URL.

Expressions read naturally and run top to bottom: `245 * 15%`, `5 km to miles`, `today + 30 days`, `20 EUR to USD`, `0.5 BTC to USD`, `net = 2400`, `derivative("x^3 + 2x", "x")`. Results appear beside each line, and the aggregate keywords `total`, `average`, `min`, `max`, `median`, `mode`, and `count` summarize the consecutive non-empty lines above them.

Every page is also published as markdown at the same URL with `index.md` appended, for example https://calcul.io/instructions/index.md. Each HTML page links its markdown version with `rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"` and this file with `rel="describedby"`.

## Docs

- [Free Online Calculator for Math, Units & Dates](https://calcul.io/index.md): Calcul.io is a free online calculator for arithmetic, percentages, formulas, unit conversions, dates, currencies, and advanced math. No account required.
- [Free Online Calculator for Math, Units & Dates](https://calcul.io/app/index.md): Work through arithmetic, formulas, unit conversions, dates, currencies, and advanced math in a free editable multi-line calculator.
- [How to Use the Calcul.io Online Calculator](https://calcul.io/instructions/index.md): Learn the basics of Calcul.io: enter multi-line calculations, reuse earlier results, define variables, add notes, and share calculations with a URL.
- [Calcul.io Basics: Expressions, Variables & Results](https://calcul.io/instructions/basic/index.md): Learn how to enter expressions, define variables, reference earlier lines, add notes, and share a complete multi-line calculation in Calcul.io.
- [Using Math & Scientific Constants](https://calcul.io/instructions/constants/index.md): Learn how to enter built-in constants such as pi, e, Avogadro's constant, and the speed of light in Calcul.io expressions and unit conversions.
- [Unit Conversion Calculator Instructions](https://calcul.io/instructions/conversions/index.md): Convert length, mass, temperature, area, volume, speed, data, and other units in Calcul.io using natural expressions and explicit target units.
- [Currency, Crypto & Stock Calculations](https://calcul.io/instructions/currency/index.md): Calculate and convert currencies, cryptocurrencies, and stock values in Calcul.io using names, symbols, ticker prefixes, and a chosen target currency.
- [How to Use Math Functions in Calcul.io](https://calcul.io/instructions/functions/index.md): Learn function syntax in Calcul.io and work through examples for derivatives, statistics, distance, matrices, trigonometry, and other supported operations.
- [Date, Time & Duration Calculator Instructions](https://calcul.io/instructions/time/index.md): Add and subtract dates, times, and durations in Calcul.io; compare dates, convert time zones, and calculate practical calendar intervals.
- [Supported Units Reference for Conversions](https://calcul.io/instructions/units/index.md): Browse the units supported by Calcul.io, from length and mass to electricity, light, digital data, temperature, volume, speed, and pressure.
- [Aggregate Functions: Sum, Average & More](https://calcul.io/aggregate-functions/index.md): Use total, average, minimum, maximum, median, mode, and count across consecutive calculator lines, with editable examples for every aggregate.
- [Calculator Guides & Practical Math Tips](https://calcul.io/blog/index.md): Browse practical Calcul.io guides for faster calculations, unit and currency conversions, date arithmetic, formulas, and real-world math workflows.

## Examples

- [Online Calculator Examples & Workflows](https://calcul.io/examples/index.md): Explore 15 ready-to-use calculator examples for budgets, travel, work, conversions, dates, percentages, geometry, algebra, and advanced math.
- [Break-Even Point Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/break-even/index.md): Find a small business break-even point in Calcul.io by subtracting variable cost from price, dividing fixed costs, and estimating sales at break-even.
- [Circle Area & Circumference Example](https://calcul.io/examples/circle-measurements/index.md): Calculate circle area and circumference in Calcul.io with pi and a measured radius, keeping the geometry formula visible and editable.
- [Event Budget & Cost Split Example](https://calcul.io/examples/event-budget/index.md): Plan an event budget in Calcul.io with line-item costs, a service charge, a final total, and a per-guest split that updates as the guest count changes.
- [Freelance Invoice Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/freelance-invoice/index.md): Draft a freelance invoice in Calcul.io by multiplying hours by a rate, adding expenses, applying a tax percentage, and checking the amount due.
- [Use Calcul.io from Chrome Address Bar](https://calcul.io/examples/google-chrome-search/index.md): Add Calcul.io as a custom Chrome search engine and calculate directly from the address bar with a short keyword and any supported expression.
- [Loan Payment Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/loan-payment/index.md): Estimate a fixed-rate loan payment in Calcul.io by splitting the annual rate into a monthly rate, calculating the payment, and comparing total paid with principal.
- [Monthly Household Budget Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/monthly-budget/index.md): Build a monthly household budget in Calcul.io with named expenses, a monthly total, and an annual projection you can edit and share.
- [Investment Portfolio Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/portfolio/index.md): Learn how to total a mixed investment portfolio with stock and cryptocurrency symbols, quantities, live conversion data, and a target currency.
- [Quadratic Equation Steps Example](https://calcul.io/examples/quadratic-equation/index.md): Solve a quadratic equation in Calcul.io by calculating the discriminant first, then evaluating the positive and negative roots in separate steps.
- [Recipe Scaling Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/recipe-scaling/index.md): Scale a recipe in Calcul.io by changing servings, multiplying ingredient amounts, and keeping the original and adjusted quantities visible on separate lines.
- [Road Trip Cost Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/road-trip/index.md): Estimate a road trip budget in Calcul.io by turning distance and fuel efficiency into litres, adding fuel, lodging, and meals, and checking the total.
- [Running Pace Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/running-pace/index.md): Calculate running pace in Calcul.io from a timed distance, then reuse the pace to estimate how long another route will take.
- [Sale Discount Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/sale-discount/index.md): Work out a discounted shopping total in Calcul.io by applying a percentage discount to one item, multiplying by quantity, and checking the final price.
- [Timecard Hours Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/timecard/index.md): Calculate paid work time in Calcul.io by subtracting start and finish times, removing an unpaid break, and keeping the shift result easy to edit.
- [Vacation Budget Calculator Example](https://calcul.io/examples/vacation/index.md): Plan a vacation budget across currencies by combining costs, converting exchange rates, adding expenses, and keeping every calculation visible on separate lines.

## Functions

- [Math Functions Reference with Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/index.md): Complete overview of all supported math functions, grouped by category
- [Algebra Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Algebra/index.md): symbolic algebra, equations, derivatives, expression transforms, and polynomial operations
- [Arithmetic Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Arithmetic/index.md): addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, powers, roots, rounding, and number theory
- [Bitwise Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Bitwise/index.md): binary values, bitwise logic, shifts, and integer representations
- [Combinatorics Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Combinatorics/index.md): factorials, combinations, permutations, partitions, and counting sequences
- [Complex Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Complex/index.md): complex numbers, real and imaginary components, conjugates, arguments, and roots
- [Expression Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Expression/index.md): parsing, compiling, evaluating, simplifying, formatting, and transforming expressions
- [Geometry Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Geometry/index.md): distances, rotations, intersections, and geometric calculations
- [Logical Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Logical/index.md): Boolean tests, logical operators, and conditional expression values
- [Matrix Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Matrix/index.md): matrix creation, decomposition, inversion, eigenvalues, products, and linear systems
- [Numeric Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Numeric/index.md): numeric types, precision helpers, finite values, and number validation
- [Operators Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Operators/index.md): arithmetic, comparison, logical, bitwise, and conversion operators
- [Probability Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Probability/index.md): random values, probability distributions, combinations, and statistical sampling
- [Relational Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Relational/index.md): equality, ordering, and comparison tests for numbers, text, and other values
- [Set Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Set/index.md): unions, intersections, differences, subsets, Cartesian products, and distinct values
- [Signal Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Signal/index.md): frequency analysis, Fourier transforms, transfer functions, and digital signal operations
- [Special Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Special/index.md): special mathematical functions, number sequences, gamma functions, and zeta calculations
- [Statistics Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Statistics/index.md): averages, medians, modes, variance, standard deviation, correlation, and quantiles
- [Trigonometry Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Trigonometry/index.md): trigonometric, inverse trigonometric, and hyperbolic functions
- [Type Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Type/index.md): value inspection, numeric checks, type detection, and data conversion helpers
- [Units Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Units/index.md): unit-aware values, conversions, and automatic selection of readable target units
- [Utils Math Functions & Examples](https://calcul.io/functions/Utils/index.md): collection mapping, filtering, formatting, cloning, reshaping, and utility operations

## Function reference

- [abs()](https://calcul.io/function/abs/index.md): Arithmetic
- [acos()](https://calcul.io/function/acos/index.md): Trigonometry
- [acosh()](https://calcul.io/function/acosh/index.md): Trigonometry
- [acot()](https://calcul.io/function/acot/index.md): Trigonometry
- [acoth()](https://calcul.io/function/acoth/index.md): Trigonometry
- [acsc()](https://calcul.io/function/acsc/index.md): Trigonometry
- [acsch()](https://calcul.io/function/acsch/index.md): Trigonometry
- [add()](https://calcul.io/function/add/index.md): Operators
- [and()](https://calcul.io/function/and/index.md): Logical
- [arg()](https://calcul.io/function/arg/index.md): Complex
- [asec()](https://calcul.io/function/asec/index.md): Trigonometry
- [asech()](https://calcul.io/function/asech/index.md): Trigonometry
- [asin()](https://calcul.io/function/asin/index.md): Trigonometry
- [asinh()](https://calcul.io/function/asinh/index.md): Trigonometry
- [atan()](https://calcul.io/function/atan/index.md): Trigonometry
- [atan2()](https://calcul.io/function/atan2/index.md): Trigonometry
- [atanh()](https://calcul.io/function/atanh/index.md): Trigonometry
- [bellNumbers()](https://calcul.io/function/bellNumbers/index.md): Combinatorics
- [bernoulli()](https://calcul.io/function/bernoulli/index.md): Probability
- [bin()](https://calcul.io/function/bin/index.md): Utils
- [bitAnd()](https://calcul.io/function/bitAnd/index.md): Bitwise
- [bitNot()](https://calcul.io/function/bitNot/index.md): Bitwise
- [bitOr()](https://calcul.io/function/bitOr/index.md): Bitwise
- [bitXor()](https://calcul.io/function/bitXor/index.md): Bitwise
- [catalan()](https://calcul.io/function/catalan/index.md): Combinatorics
- [cbrt()](https://calcul.io/function/cbrt/index.md): Arithmetic
- [ceil()](https://calcul.io/function/ceil/index.md): Arithmetic
- [clone()](https://calcul.io/function/clone/index.md): Utils
- [column()](https://calcul.io/function/column/index.md): Matrix
- [combinations()](https://calcul.io/function/combinations/index.md): Probability
- [combinationsWithRep()](https://calcul.io/function/combinationsWithRep/index.md): Probability
- [compare()](https://calcul.io/function/compare/index.md): Relational
- [compareNatural()](https://calcul.io/function/compareNatural/index.md): Relational
- [compareText()](https://calcul.io/function/compareText/index.md): Relational
- [compile()](https://calcul.io/function/compile/index.md): Expression
- [composition()](https://calcul.io/function/composition/index.md): Combinatorics
- [concat()](https://calcul.io/function/concat/index.md): Matrix
- [conj()](https://calcul.io/function/conj/index.md): Complex
- [corr()](https://calcul.io/function/corr/index.md): Statistics
- [cos()](https://calcul.io/function/cos/index.md): Trigonometry
- [cosh()](https://calcul.io/function/cosh/index.md): Trigonometry
- [cot()](https://calcul.io/function/cot/index.md): Trigonometry
- [coth()](https://calcul.io/function/coth/index.md): Trigonometry
- [count()](https://calcul.io/function/count/index.md): Matrix
- [cross()](https://calcul.io/function/cross/index.md): Matrix
- [csc()](https://calcul.io/function/csc/index.md): Trigonometry
- [csch()](https://calcul.io/function/csch/index.md): Trigonometry
- [ctranspose()](https://calcul.io/function/ctranspose/index.md): Matrix
- [cube()](https://calcul.io/function/cube/index.md): Arithmetic
- [cumsum()](https://calcul.io/function/cumsum/index.md): Statistics
- [deepEqual()](https://calcul.io/function/deepEqual/index.md): Relational
- [derivative()](https://calcul.io/function/derivative/index.md): Algebra
- [det()](https://calcul.io/function/det/index.md): Matrix
- [diag()](https://calcul.io/function/diag/index.md): Matrix
- [diff()](https://calcul.io/function/diff/index.md): Matrix
- [distance()](https://calcul.io/function/distance/index.md): Geometry
- [divide()](https://calcul.io/function/divide/index.md): Operators
- [dot()](https://calcul.io/function/dot/index.md): Matrix
- [dotDivide()](https://calcul.io/function/dotDivide/index.md): Operators
- [dotMultiply()](https://calcul.io/function/dotMultiply/index.md): Operators
- [dotPow()](https://calcul.io/function/dotPow/index.md): Operators
- [eigs()](https://calcul.io/function/eigs/index.md): Matrix
- [equal()](https://calcul.io/function/equal/index.md): Relational
- [equalText()](https://calcul.io/function/equalText/index.md): Relational
- [erf()](https://calcul.io/function/erf/index.md): Special
- [evaluate()](https://calcul.io/function/evaluate/index.md): math
- [exp()](https://calcul.io/function/exp/index.md): Arithmetic
- [expand()](https://calcul.io/function/expand/index.md): math
- [expm()](https://calcul.io/function/expm/index.md): Arithmetic
- [expm1()](https://calcul.io/function/expm1/index.md): Arithmetic
- [factorial()](https://calcul.io/function/factorial/index.md): Probability
- [fft()](https://calcul.io/function/fft/index.md): Matrix
- [filter()](https://calcul.io/function/filter/index.md): Matrix
- [fix()](https://calcul.io/function/fix/index.md): Arithmetic
- [flatten()](https://calcul.io/function/flatten/index.md): Matrix
- [floor()](https://calcul.io/function/floor/index.md): Arithmetic
- [forEach()](https://calcul.io/function/forEach/index.md): Matrix
- [format()](https://calcul.io/function/format/index.md): Utils
- [freqz()](https://calcul.io/function/freqz/index.md): Signal
- [gamma()](https://calcul.io/function/gamma/index.md): Probability
- [gcd()](https://calcul.io/function/gcd/index.md): Arithmetic
- [getMatrixDataType()](https://calcul.io/function/getMatrixDataType/index.md): Matrix
- [hasNumericValue()](https://calcul.io/function/hasNumericValue/index.md): Utils
- [hex()](https://calcul.io/function/hex/index.md): Utils
- [hypot()](https://calcul.io/function/hypot/index.md): Arithmetic
- [identity()](https://calcul.io/function/identity/index.md): Matrix
- [ifft()](https://calcul.io/function/ifft/index.md): Matrix
- [im()](https://calcul.io/function/im/index.md): Complex
- [integrate()](https://calcul.io/function/integrate/index.md): math
- [intersect()](https://calcul.io/function/intersect/index.md): Geometry
- [inv()](https://calcul.io/function/inv/index.md): Matrix
- [invmod()](https://calcul.io/function/invmod/index.md): Arithmetic
- [isBounded()](https://calcul.io/function/isBounded/index.md): Utils
- [isFinite()](https://calcul.io/function/isFinite/index.md): Utils
- [isInteger()](https://calcul.io/function/isInteger/index.md): Utils
- [isNaN()](https://calcul.io/function/isNaN/index.md): Utils
- [isNegative()](https://calcul.io/function/isNegative/index.md): Utils
- [isNumeric()](https://calcul.io/function/isNumeric/index.md): Utils
- [isPositive()](https://calcul.io/function/isPositive/index.md): Utils
- [isPrime()](https://calcul.io/function/isPrime/index.md): Utils
- [isZero()](https://calcul.io/function/isZero/index.md): Utils
- [kldivergence()](https://calcul.io/function/kldivergence/index.md): Probability
- [kron()](https://calcul.io/function/kron/index.md): Matrix
- [larger()](https://calcul.io/function/larger/index.md): Relational
- [largerEq()](https://calcul.io/function/largerEq/index.md): Relational
- [lcm()](https://calcul.io/function/lcm/index.md): Arithmetic
- [leafCount()](https://calcul.io/function/leafCount/index.md): Algebra
- [leftShift()](https://calcul.io/function/leftShift/index.md): Bitwise
- [lgamma()](https://calcul.io/function/lgamma/index.md): Probability
- [log()](https://calcul.io/function/log/index.md): Arithmetic
- [log10()](https://calcul.io/function/log10/index.md): Arithmetic
- [log1p()](https://calcul.io/function/log1p/index.md): Arithmetic
- [log2()](https://calcul.io/function/log2/index.md): Arithmetic
- [logm()](https://calcul.io/function/logm/index.md): math
- [lsolve()](https://calcul.io/function/lsolve/index.md): Algebra
- [lsolveAll()](https://calcul.io/function/lsolveAll/index.md): Algebra
- [lu()](https://calcul.io/function/lu/index.md): math
- [lup()](https://calcul.io/function/lup/index.md): Algebra
- [lusolve()](https://calcul.io/function/lusolve/index.md): Algebra
- [lyap()](https://calcul.io/function/lyap/index.md): Algebra
- [mad()](https://calcul.io/function/mad/index.md): Statistics
- [map()](https://calcul.io/function/map/index.md): Matrix
- [mapSlices()](https://calcul.io/function/mapSlices/index.md): Matrix
- [matrixFromColumns()](https://calcul.io/function/matrixFromColumns/index.md): Matrix
- [matrixFromFunction()](https://calcul.io/function/matrixFromFunction/index.md): Matrix
- [matrixFromRows()](https://calcul.io/function/matrixFromRows/index.md): Matrix
- [max()](https://calcul.io/function/max/index.md): Statistics
- [mean()](https://calcul.io/function/mean/index.md): Statistics
- [median()](https://calcul.io/function/median/index.md): Statistics
- [min()](https://calcul.io/function/min/index.md): Statistics
- [mod()](https://calcul.io/function/mod/index.md): Operators
- [mode()](https://calcul.io/function/mode/index.md): Statistics
- [multinomial()](https://calcul.io/function/multinomial/index.md): Probability
- [multiply()](https://calcul.io/function/multiply/index.md): Operators
- [norm()](https://calcul.io/function/norm/index.md): Arithmetic
- [not()](https://calcul.io/function/not/index.md): Logical
- [nthRoot()](https://calcul.io/function/nthRoot/index.md): Arithmetic
- [nthRoots()](https://calcul.io/function/nthRoots/index.md): Arithmetic
- [nullish()](https://calcul.io/function/nullish/index.md): Logical
- [numeric()](https://calcul.io/function/numeric/index.md): Utils
- [oct()](https://calcul.io/function/oct/index.md): Utils
- [ones()](https://calcul.io/function/ones/index.md): Matrix
- [or()](https://calcul.io/function/or/index.md): Logical
- [padé()](https://calcul.io/function/padé/index.md): math
- [parse()](https://calcul.io/function/parse/index.md): Expression
- [parser()](https://calcul.io/function/parser/index.md): Expression
- [partitionSelect()](https://calcul.io/function/partitionSelect/index.md): Matrix
- [permutations()](https://calcul.io/function/permutations/index.md): Probability
- [pi()](https://calcul.io/function/pi/index.md): math
- [pickRandom()](https://calcul.io/function/pickRandom/index.md): Probability
- [pinv()](https://calcul.io/function/pinv/index.md): Matrix
- [polynomialRoot()](https://calcul.io/function/polynomialRoot/index.md): Algebra
- [pow()](https://calcul.io/function/pow/index.md): Operators
- [print()](https://calcul.io/function/print/index.md): Utils
- [prod()](https://calcul.io/function/prod/index.md): Statistics
- [qr()](https://calcul.io/function/qr/index.md): Algebra
- [quantileSeq()](https://calcul.io/function/quantileSeq/index.md): Statistics
- [random()](https://calcul.io/function/random/index.md): Probability
- [randomInt()](https://calcul.io/function/randomInt/index.md): Probability
- [range()](https://calcul.io/function/range/index.md): Type
- [rationalize()](https://calcul.io/function/rationalize/index.md): Algebra
- [re()](https://calcul.io/function/re/index.md): Complex
- [rem()](https://calcul.io/function/rem/index.md): math
- [reshape()](https://calcul.io/function/reshape/index.md): Matrix
- [resize()](https://calcul.io/function/resize/index.md): Matrix
- [resolve()](https://calcul.io/function/resolve/index.md): Algebra
- [rightArithShift()](https://calcul.io/function/rightArithShift/index.md): Bitwise
- [rightLogShift()](https://calcul.io/function/rightLogShift/index.md): Bitwise
- [rotate()](https://calcul.io/function/rotate/index.md): Matrix
- [rotationMatrix()](https://calcul.io/function/rotationMatrix/index.md): Matrix
- [round()](https://calcul.io/function/round/index.md): Arithmetic
- [row()](https://calcul.io/function/row/index.md): Matrix
- [schur()](https://calcul.io/function/schur/index.md): Algebra
- [sec()](https://calcul.io/function/sec/index.md): Trigonometry
- [sech()](https://calcul.io/function/sech/index.md): Trigonometry
- [setCartesian()](https://calcul.io/function/setCartesian/index.md): Set
- [setDifference()](https://calcul.io/function/setDifference/index.md): Set
- [setDistinct()](https://calcul.io/function/setDistinct/index.md): Set
- [setIntersect()](https://calcul.io/function/setIntersect/index.md): Set
- [setIsSubset()](https://calcul.io/function/setIsSubset/index.md): Set
- [setMultiplicity()](https://calcul.io/function/setMultiplicity/index.md): Set
- [setPowerset()](https://calcul.io/function/setPowerset/index.md): Set
- [setSize()](https://calcul.io/function/setSize/index.md): Set
- [setSymDifference()](https://calcul.io/function/setSymDifference/index.md): Set
- [setUnion()](https://calcul.io/function/setUnion/index.md): Set
- [sign()](https://calcul.io/function/sign/index.md): Arithmetic
- [simplify()](https://calcul.io/function/simplify/index.md): Algebra
- [simplifyConstant()](https://calcul.io/function/simplifyConstant/index.md): Algebra
- [simplifyCore()](https://calcul.io/function/simplifyCore/index.md): Algebra
- [sin()](https://calcul.io/function/sin/index.md): Trigonometry
- [sinh()](https://calcul.io/function/sinh/index.md): Trigonometry
- [size()](https://calcul.io/function/size/index.md): Matrix
- [slu()](https://calcul.io/function/slu/index.md): Algebra
- [smaller()](https://calcul.io/function/smaller/index.md): Relational
- [smallerEq()](https://calcul.io/function/smallerEq/index.md): Relational
- [solveODE()](https://calcul.io/function/solveODE/index.md): Numeric
- [sort()](https://calcul.io/function/sort/index.md): Matrix
- [sqrt()](https://calcul.io/function/sqrt/index.md): Arithmetic
- [sqrtm()](https://calcul.io/function/sqrtm/index.md): Arithmetic
- [square()](https://calcul.io/function/square/index.md): Arithmetic
- [squeeze()](https://calcul.io/function/squeeze/index.md): Matrix
- [std()](https://calcul.io/function/std/index.md): Statistics
- [stirlingS2()](https://calcul.io/function/stirlingS2/index.md): Combinatorics
- [subset()](https://calcul.io/function/subset/index.md): Matrix
- [subtract()](https://calcul.io/function/subtract/index.md): Operators
- [sum()](https://calcul.io/function/sum/index.md): Statistics
- [svd()](https://calcul.io/function/svd/index.md): math
- [sylvester()](https://calcul.io/function/sylvester/index.md): Algebra
- [symbolicEqual()](https://calcul.io/function/symbolicEqual/index.md): Algebra
- [tan()](https://calcul.io/function/tan/index.md): Trigonometry
- [tanh()](https://calcul.io/function/tanh/index.md): Trigonometry
- [to()](https://calcul.io/function/to/index.md): Units
- [toBest()](https://calcul.io/function/toBest/index.md): Units
- [trace()](https://calcul.io/function/trace/index.md): Matrix
- [transpose()](https://calcul.io/function/transpose/index.md): Matrix
- [trunc()](https://calcul.io/function/trunc/index.md): math
- [typeOf()](https://calcul.io/function/typeOf/index.md): Utils
- [unaryMinus()](https://calcul.io/function/unaryMinus/index.md): Operators
- [unaryPlus()](https://calcul.io/function/unaryPlus/index.md): Operators
- [unequal()](https://calcul.io/function/unequal/index.md): Relational
- [usolve()](https://calcul.io/function/usolve/index.md): Algebra
- [usolveAll()](https://calcul.io/function/usolveAll/index.md): Algebra
- [variance()](https://calcul.io/function/variance/index.md): Statistics
- [xgcd()](https://calcul.io/function/xgcd/index.md): Arithmetic
- [xor()](https://calcul.io/function/xor/index.md): Logical
- [zeros()](https://calcul.io/function/zeros/index.md): Matrix
- [zeta()](https://calcul.io/function/zeta/index.md): Special
- [zpk2tf()](https://calcul.io/function/zpk2tf/index.md): Signal

## Constants

- [Math & Scientific Constants Reference](https://calcul.io/constants/index.md): Complete overview of built-in mathematical and scientific constants
- [atomicMass](https://calcul.io/constants/atomicMass/index.md): Atomic mass constant
- [avogadro](https://calcul.io/constants/avogadro/index.md): Avogadro's number
- [bohrMagneton](https://calcul.io/constants/bohrMagneton/index.md): Borh magneton
- [bohrRadius](https://calcul.io/constants/bohrRadius/index.md): Borh radius
- [boltzmann](https://calcul.io/constants/boltzmann/index.md): Boltzmann constant
- [classicalElectronRadius](https://calcul.io/constants/classicalElectronRadius/index.md): Classical electron radius
- [conductanceQuantum](https://calcul.io/constants/conductanceQuantum/index.md): Conductance quantum
- [coulomb](https://calcul.io/constants/coulomb/index.md): Coulomb's constant
- [deuteronMass](https://calcul.io/constants/deuteronMass/index.md): Deuteron Mass
- [e](https://calcul.io/constants/e/index.md)
- [efimovFactor](https://calcul.io/constants/efimovFactor/index.md): Efimov factor
- [electricConstant](https://calcul.io/constants/electricConstant/index.md): Electric constant (vacuum permeability)
- [electronMass](https://calcul.io/constants/electronMass/index.md): Electron mass
- [elementaryCharge](https://calcul.io/constants/elementaryCharge/index.md): Elementary charge
- [false](https://calcul.io/constants/false/index.md)
- [faraday](https://calcul.io/constants/faraday/index.md): Faraday constant
- [fermiCoupling](https://calcul.io/constants/fermiCoupling/index.md): Fermi coupling constant
- [fineStructure](https://calcul.io/constants/fineStructure/index.md): Fine-structure constant
- [firstRadiation](https://calcul.io/constants/firstRadiation/index.md): First radiation constant
- [gasConstant](https://calcul.io/constants/gasConstant/index.md): Gas constant
- [gravitationConstant](https://calcul.io/constants/gravitationConstant/index.md): Newtonian constant of gravitation
- [gravity](https://calcul.io/constants/gravity/index.md): Standard acceleration of gravity (standard acceleration of free-fall on Earth)
- [hartreeEnergy](https://calcul.io/constants/hartreeEnergy/index.md): Hartree energy
- [i](https://calcul.io/constants/i/index.md)
- [Infinity](https://calcul.io/constants/Infinity/index.md)
- [inverseConductanceQuantum](https://calcul.io/constants/inverseConductanceQuantum/index.md): Inverse conductance quantum
- [klitzing](https://calcul.io/constants/klitzing/index.md): Von Klitzing constant
- [LN10](https://calcul.io/constants/LN10/index.md)
- [LN2](https://calcul.io/constants/LN2/index.md)
- [LOG10E](https://calcul.io/constants/LOG10E/index.md)
- [LOG2E](https://calcul.io/constants/LOG2E/index.md)
- [loschmidt](https://calcul.io/constants/loschmidt/index.md): Loschmidt constant at T=273.15 K and p=101.325 kPa
- [magneticConstant](https://calcul.io/constants/magneticConstant/index.md): Magnetic constant (vacuum permeability)
- [magneticFluxQuantum](https://calcul.io/constants/magneticFluxQuantum/index.md): Magnetic flux quantum
- [molarMass](https://calcul.io/constants/molarMass/index.md): Molar mass constant
- [molarMassC12](https://calcul.io/constants/molarMassC12/index.md): Molar mass constant of carbon-12
- [molarPlanckConstant](https://calcul.io/constants/molarPlanckConstant/index.md): Molar Planck constant
- [molarVolume](https://calcul.io/constants/molarVolume/index.md): Molar volume of an ideal gas at T=273.15 K and p=101.325 kPa
- [NaN](https://calcul.io/constants/NaN/index.md)
- [neutronMass](https://calcul.io/constants/neutronMass/index.md): Neutron mass
- [nuclearMagneton](https://calcul.io/constants/nuclearMagneton/index.md): Nuclear magneton
- [null](https://calcul.io/constants/null/index.md)
- [phi](https://calcul.io/constants/phi/index.md)
- [pi](https://calcul.io/constants/pi/index.md)
- [planckCharge](https://calcul.io/constants/planckCharge/index.md): Planck charge
- [planckConstant](https://calcul.io/constants/planckConstant/index.md): Planck constant
- [planckLength](https://calcul.io/constants/planckLength/index.md): Planck length
- [planckMass](https://calcul.io/constants/planckMass/index.md): Planck mass
- [planckTemperature](https://calcul.io/constants/planckTemperature/index.md): Planck temperature
- [planckTime](https://calcul.io/constants/planckTime/index.md): Planck time
- [protonMass](https://calcul.io/constants/protonMass/index.md): Proton mass
- [quantumOfCirculation](https://calcul.io/constants/quantumOfCirculation/index.md): Quantum of circulation
- [reducedPlanckConstant](https://calcul.io/constants/reducedPlanckConstant/index.md): Reduced Planck constant
- [rydberg](https://calcul.io/constants/rydberg/index.md): Rydberg constant
- [sackurTetrode](https://calcul.io/constants/sackurTetrode/index.md): Sackur-Tetrode constant at T=1 K and p=101.325 kPa
- [secondRadiation](https://calcul.io/constants/secondRadiation/index.md): Second radiation constant
- [speedOfLight](https://calcul.io/constants/speedOfLight/index.md): Speed of light in vacuum
- [SQRT1_2](https://calcul.io/constants/SQRT1_2/index.md)
- [SQRT2](https://calcul.io/constants/SQRT2/index.md)
- [stefanBoltzmann](https://calcul.io/constants/stefanBoltzmann/index.md): Stefan-Boltzmann constant
- [tau](https://calcul.io/constants/tau/index.md)
- [thomsonCrossSection](https://calcul.io/constants/thomsonCrossSection/index.md): Thomson cross section
- [true](https://calcul.io/constants/true/index.md)
- [vacuumImpedance](https://calcul.io/constants/vacuumImpedance/index.md): Characteristic impedance of vacuum
- [weakMixingAngle](https://calcul.io/constants/weakMixingAngle/index.md): Weak mixing angle
- [wienDisplacement](https://calcul.io/constants/wienDisplacement/index.md): Wien displacement law constant

## Optional

- [Cryptocurrency Symbols for Calculator Conversions](https://calcul.io/currencies/crypto/index.md): Browse supported cryptocurrency symbols and use them in Calcul.io expressions to compare or convert Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and other crypto values.
- [World Currency Symbols & Conversion Codes](https://calcul.io/currencies/currencies/index.md): Find supported world currencies and their symbols, then use them in Calcul.io for quick exchange-rate calculations and multi-currency arithmetic.
- [Stock Ticker Symbols for Calculator Conversions](https://calcul.io/currencies/stocks/index.md): Browse supported stock ticker symbols and use them in Calcul.io expressions alongside currencies and cryptocurrencies for quick value conversions.
- [Privacy Policy](https://calcul.io/privacy-policy/index.md): Read the Calcul.io privacy policy, including what information may be collected, how cookies and analytics are used, and the choices available to visitors.
- [Terms and Conditions](https://calcul.io/terms-and-conditions/index.md): Read the terms and conditions that govern access to and use of the Calcul.io website, calculator, content, links, and related services.