std(): Standard Deviation

std() measures how widely values vary around their mean. A small standard deviation indicates tightly clustered data; a large value indicates greater spread.

Population or sample

Choose the appropriate normalization for a full population versus a sample. Pair std with mean() for interpretation and variance(), whose square root is standard deviation. Use mad() when a less outlier-sensitive spread measure is useful.

Data should use consistent units, and missing values should be handled before calculation. Standard deviation shares the input’s units, unlike variance.

Try Std in Calcul.io

Start with one of the editable examples above, then replace its arguments with your own values. Keeping the function on a separate calculator line makes the input and result easy to compare. For a longer workflow, assign the result to a variable or reference that line in the next expression.

Check the shown signature before adding optional arguments, and use the related-function links to compare operations with similar purposes.

@1	std(2, 4, 6)
@2	std([2, 4, 6, 8])
@3	std([2, 4, 6, 8], "uncorrected")
@4	std([2, 4, 6, 8], "biased")
@5	std([1, 2, 3; 4, 5, 6])

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std

std(a, b, c, ...)

std(A)

std(A, dimension)

std(A, normalization)

std(A, dimension, normalization)

std(): Standard Deviation

Population or sample

Try Std in Calcul.io